A major emerging demographic issue of the 21st century is the ageing of population as an inevitable consequence of the demographic transition experienced by most countries. Across the world, declining fertility and increased longevity have jointly resulted in higher numbers and proportions of older persons 60 years and above. In Cambodia, the proportion of population aged 60 years and above was 6.34 per cent in 2008 (848,911) and expected to increase to 11.01 per cent (2,024,171) by year 2030. The more developed provinces in the plain region like Kampong Cham and a few others in Tonle Sap region like Banteay Meanchey, Battambang, and Siem Reap have experienced demographic transition ahead of others and therefore are growing older faster than other provinces. This paper explores the demographic profile of senior citizens aged 60 years and above in Cambodia using the 2008 census data and projections up to 2030 (only 22 years from now) to build a knowledge base that will help to better understand the implications of changing population age and sex distribution for development planning.