China has a long cultural and educational tradition for over 5,000 years. Ancient schools began to take shape before the year 1100 BC. In the early twentieth century, the governments of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China established the classroom education system after reviewing similar systems in Japan and the United States. Before the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, 80% of the country’s population was illiterate and the enrollment rate of primary school-age children was only 20%. With this in mind, Education in China seeks to present a comprehensive overview of the Chinese educational system at all levels, from primary and secondary schools to vocational schools, colleges and universities, covering such important topics as educational legislation, administration, management, student admission and employment, continuing education, that took place in Chinese educational institutions over a span of 60 years (1949–2009). The book examines how each educational system was adapted to meet the issues encountered, both domestic and foreign, at different stages of development. The author also describes how education is provided for the ethnic minorities and special groups, and one chapter is devoted to the nongovernmental education system. Topics such as the training and development of teachers, research in education, the use of information technology in all aspects of education, and international exchanges at each level of the education system are described toward the end of the book.