This book tries to survey the traditional as well as contemporary understanding of theology and brings its relevance for contextual theological developments in Christian theology where the discussion on Neo-Orthodoxy, Existentialism is brought forth. It covers different terminological clarifications and then elaborates on the different streams of Christian theology. Further, it tries to deal with the historical development of Christian theology where the emphasis has been on the early teachers of: faith (Church Fathers), medieval thinking, enlightenment; and 19th century liberal discussions.