1. Ethnoscience 2. Traditional ecological knowledge 3. Knowledge, Theory of Local and indigenous cultures hold certain knowledge and expertise, which have developed and continue to be enhanced over time. Much of these have been adopted into local communities with ease. With the advent of globalisation and modernisation, a large part of this knowledge and expertise is no longer practiced and will gradually be lost if efforts are not taken to preserve, conserve and transfer it to the community. Six chapters of research findings have been documented in this book, bringing together researchers committed to local knowledge in sharing their work particularly the methodology of knowledge transfer. Thus, new ideas are presented to promote the practice of preserving and conserving local knowledge to the practitioners, students and communities.