The book systematically presents the context and general transformation of regional history as well as the internal transformation of the economic, political, social and cultural life of Vietnam and France over two centuries. At the same time, the book also introduces the context and development of the French-Vietnamese relationship, identifying the causes and consequences of the French invasion of Vietnam in the XVII-XIX centuries. The book synthesizes and systematizes the research results on trade and missionary activities of the French East India Company and the Paris Foreign Missions Society (the Society of Foreign Missions of Paris) in Vietnam; clarifying the special interaction between the Paris Foreign Missions Society and the entire performances of the French East India Company. The book also analyzes the basic economic and political transformation of the XVI – XVIII centuries in Vietnam and France; clarifying the balance of power, the change in the power mechanism between France and Vietnam, the attitude of Vietnam, the policy of Vietnam in the comparison of Asian nations, France and other European nations. The book clearly analyzes and explains why and in what context the French military intervention in the Mid-XIX century and its political and social consequences.