Sai Gon – Cho Lon in the years 1859 - 1875 saw a change of appearance when the French colonialists built commercial, religious, administrative buildings and other infrastructure facilities, laying the foundation for their governance: the Ba Son navy dockyard, the first church, the supreme court building, the police barrack, the temporary governor’s mansion ... In the work of Sai Gon – Cho Lon in the Second Half of the XIX Century, the author Nguyen Duc Hiep presented a number of economic and social events from 1861 when the French occupied Saigon until the end of XIX century. In this work, the author used a number of new materials from 1859 to 1875 that were provided by French, Vietnamese and British witnesses who directly or indirectly witnessed historical events during the above-mentioned period. These materials, left by eyewitnesses, are highly credible, including Le Monde Illustre.