This volume asks a fundamental question: What is education? While there can be no one answer, the contributors provide a clear understanding of the current state of education in India, which stands at a crossroads. Education is a fundamental right for the empowerment of every citizen and the holistic development of the human personality. It is not only about literacy and grades, nor merely about knowledge creation. A common theme that runs through the papers is the recognition that education has to teach us to think and question.