This book is an enthusiastic research compilation by Associate Professor Nguyen Thua Hy. The author of the study is a native of Hanoi. After graduating from university, the writer has been away from Hanoi for 10 years. After that, he returned to Hanoi as a history teacher until he retired. He continued to study and research Hanoi to this day, at the age of 80. The book deals with the following issues: The history of Thang Long; The streets, market networks, communities and cultural urban resident of Thang Long - Hanoi from the 17th to 19th century; Hanoi expanded during the French colonial period; Changes in the planning and appearance of urban Hanoi in the last decades of the 19th century and early 20th century; Foreign documents about the history of Thang Long - Hanoi. Besides, the author also mentioned the socio-economic thoughts of Thang Long - Hanoi in the past, present and future.