Gender could be understood as a construct, which enables men and women to conduct themselves in a characteristic style and helps them understand their respective roles in family and society. Gender operates at all levels of social life and is deeply embedded to how work is organized, rewarded and experienced. Sociological studies on gender and work emerged during 1960s and 1970s as the women's labour force participation increased and the women's movements shifted focus on gender equality at home and at work. This field evolved over time conceptual frameworks were developed and empirical focus shifted in response to economic and societal changes.