After the 1954 Geneva agreement, Vietnam was divided into two regions. The North was liberated and entered the transition period of socialism, the South continued the national democratic revolution, against the American imperialist aggression to unify the country. Up to now, there have been many works on Vietnamese history in the period of 1954 - 1975, namely historical sets or specific subjects. However, most of them focused on presenting the core content of the history of this period is the struggle to unify the country, or more specifically about the resistance against the American imperialism to save the country of Vietnamese people. Studies on southern Vietnamese society in this period were sketchy and did not contain many topics. Dr. Nguyen Dinh Le's book addresses the social transformation of South Vietnam (1954-1975) in the following aspects: Ethnicity and religion; Class and social labor force; Culture and social education; Social hierarchy.